LAB MANUAL

Program 3(a): Class to hold complex number and perform complex arithmetic

// Filename : complex.hpp

// Purpose : To implement complex class

// Class declaration & definition

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

namespace secs {

class Complex {

protected:

double real;

double imag;

public:

//Default constructor

Complex() {

real=0;

imag=0;

}

//Parameterized constructor with default argument

Complex(double r, double i=0) {

real=r;

imag=i;

}

//Destructor

~Complex() {

}

//Function to print complex number

void print(); //only function prototype is declared here

//Function to return conjugate of complex number

Complex conjugate();

//Inline functions – defined inside class

void set(double r, double i) {

real=r;

imag=i;

}

void setReal(double r) {

real=r;

}

void setImag(double i) {

imag=i;

}

double getReal() {

return real;

}

double getImag() {

return imag;

}

//Overloading operators as member operators

//Only prototype is declared here, will be defined later

Complex operator+(Complex &obj);

Complex operator-(Complex &obj);

Complex operator*(Complex &obj);

Complex operator/(Complex &obj);

Complex operator=(Complex obj);

//Declaring operators as friend operators of the class

//these are not member operators and defined somewhere outside

friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,Complex obj);

friend istream &operator>>(istream &in,Complex &obj);

}; //Class declaration & definition ends here

//Implementing functions and operators outside class but inside namespace

//print() is a member of the Complex class and returns void

void Complex::print() {

cout<<real;

if(imag>=0)

cout<<"+";

cout<<imag<<"i";

}

//conjugate() is a member of the Complex class and returns an object of the Complex type

Complex Complex::conjugate() {

Complex tmp;

tmp.real=real;

tmp.imag=-imag;

return tmp;

}

//operator+ and operator- are the members of the Complex class,

//These returns an object of the Complex class and takes a reference

//to object of Complex class as argument

Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &obj) {

Complex tmp;

tmp.real=real+obj.real;

tmp.imag=imag+obj.imag;

return tmp;

}

Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &obj) {

Complex tmp;

tmp.real=real-obj.real;

tmp.imag=imag-obj.imag;

return tmp;

} 

Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &obj) {

Complex tmp;

tmp.real=real*obj.real - imag*obj.imag;

tmp.imag=real*obj.imag + imag*obj.real;

return tmp;

}

Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &obj) {

Complex tmp;

double denom = obj.real * obj.real + obj.imag * obj.imag;

tmp.real=(real*obj.real + imag*obj.imag)/denom;

tmp.imag=(imag*obj.real - real*obj.imag)/denom;

return tmp;

}

} //namespace secs closed here

//To define members of secs namespace, we need to go inside it

namespace secs { //Opening namespace to define member operators

//Defining member operators outside class & inside namespace

//operator= is a member of the Complex class, which is a member of

//the secs namespace, it returns an object of Complex class and

//takes an object of the class Complex as argument

Complex Complex::operator=(Complex obj) {

Complex tmp;

tmp.real=real=obj.real;

tmp.imag=imag=obj.imag;

return tmp;

}    

//Defining friend operators of the class which are not members of the class

//operator<< returns a reference to an object of class ostream of

//the std namespace and takes two arguments, first, a reference to

//an object of class ostream of namespace std and second, an object of

//class Complex of namespace secs

ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,Complex obj) {

out<<obj.real;

if(obj.imag>=0)

out<<"+";

out<<obj.imag<<"i";

return out;

}

//operator>> returns a reference to an object of class istream of

//the std namespace and takes two arguments, first, a reference to

//an object of class istream of namespace std and second, a reference to

//an object of class Complex of namespace secs

istream &operator>>(istream &in,Complex &obj) {

char ch;

in>>obj.real>>obj.imag>>ch;

return in;

}

} //Closing namespace again

Program 3(b): Program to perform complex arithmetic using Complex class

// Filename : complex1.cpp

// Purpose : To use Complex class to perform complex arithmetic

// main() function definition to use Complex class

//including the file created above, complex.hpp having class definition

//filename “complex.hpp” is enclosed inside double quotes as the file exist in current directory

//and not in the standard header file directory

#include "complex.hpp"

using namespace secs;

int main() {

Complex a,b(3,4);

a.set(6,-2);

cout<<"a = "<<a<<endl;

cout<<"b = "<<b<<endl;

Complex c;

c=a+b;

cout<<"c = "<<c<<endl;

system("pause");

return 0;

}

Program 3(c): Program to perform complex arithmetic using Complex class

// Filename : complex2.cpp

// Purpose : To use Complex class to get complex conjugate, and perform arithmetic

// main() function definition to use Complex class

//including the file created above, complex.hpp having class definition

#include "complex.hpp"

using namespace secs;

int main() {

Complex a(3,-4),b(8,-2);

cout<<" a = "<<a<<endl

<<" b = "<<b<<endl

<<" Conjugate of a = "<<a.conjugate()<<endl

<<" a + b = "<<a+b<<endl

<<" a - b = "<<a-b<<endl

<<" a * b = "<<a*b<<endl

<<" a / b = "<<a/b<<endl;

system("pause");

return 0;

}

Exercise: Revise operator overloading, function overloading, friend function and inline functions from your text book and also try to implement other complex arithmetic by overloading * and / operator to perform complex multiplication and complex division

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